Occurrence of iridoid glycosides in in vitro cultures and intact plants of Scrophularia nodosa L. Sesterhenn Katja,Distl Melanie,Wink Michael Plant cell reports Shoot, root, and callus cultures of Scrophularia nodosa L. (Scrophulariaceae) were established and cultivated in vitro. Iridoid glycosides, such as harpagoside, aucubin, and catalpol were identified by LC-ESI-MS and their contents determined by HPLC. For comparison intact plants of S. nodosa were analysed. In shoot cultures slightly lower amounts of detectable iridoid glycosides (4.36% dry weight) were determined than in the field grown plants (4.88%). Concentration of harpagoside was highest in leaves of field plants (1.05%) and in flowers of in vitro plantlets (1.10%). For aucubin the highest amount was found in the leaves of in vitro plantlets (1.67%) whereas the levels of aucubin in the leaves of field plants were remarkably lower. Catalpol was produced as a trace compound in intact plants and shoot cultures. Callus and root cultures were apparently not able to synthesise iridoid glycosides. 10.1007/s00299-006-0233-3

[Investigate optimum conditions and determinate changes of β-glucosidase activity in Scrophularia root under different drying conditions]. Yu Huan-Huan,Yoshimitsu Michiyo,Xu Xiu-Ying,Zheng Yi-Min,Li Long-Yun Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica To explore the optimum conditions of β-glucosidase activity in Scrophularia root by using pNPG method. The extraction conditions and reaction conditions (such as extraction liquid type, reaction system, reaction time, temperature, and substrate concentration) were screened by using monofactorial experiment and homogeneous design. Then the changes of β-glucosidase activity in Scrophularia root were detected at the drying temperature of 40-100 ℃. The results showed that citric acid phosphate buffer had better extraction effect, and the maximum absorbance produced by enzymatic reaction was present at 50 ℃ environment after reaction for 30 min. Homogeneous design experiment determined that the optimal conditions were as follows: optimal extraction liquid pH 7.0; enzymatic reaction system pH 6.0; substrate concentration 20 mmol•L⁻¹. The change of enzyme activity was affected by drying temperature and water loss rate. In the drying temperature of 60-100 ℃, the enzyme activity was reduced rapidly with the increase in water loss rate, while the activity was seen even with 0% of water at 40 and 50 ℃. This study has laid the theoretical foundation for research of hydrolysis mechanism of iridoid glycosides and optimum drying process. 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20161222.049

Isoangoroside C, a phenylpropanoid glycoside from Scrophularia scorodonia roots. de Santos J,Díaz Lanza A M,Fernández L,Rumbero A Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences A new phenylpropanoid glycoside isoangoroside C was isolated from the roots of Scrophularia scorodonia. Its structure was determined on the basis of spectral data as: 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-beta-phenylethoxy-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosy l-(1-->6)alpha L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3)-4-O-Z-feruloyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside. Additionally, one known phenylpropanoid, angoroside C, and five known iridoid glycosides, harpagoside, bartsioside, 8-O-acetyl-harpagide, aucuboside and harpagide were isolated and identified. 10.1515/znc-2000-5-606

A sugar ester and an iridoid glycoside from Scrophularia ningpoensis. Nguyen Anh-Tho,Fontaine Jeanine,Malonne Hugues,Claeys Magda,Luhmer Michel,Duez Pierre Phytochemistry From cytotoxic extracts of the roots of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. (Scrophulariaceae) a new sugar ester, ningposide D (3-O-acetyl-2-O-p-methoxycinnamoyl-alpha(beta)-L-rhamnopyranose) (1) and a new iridoid glycoside, scrophuloside B4 (6-O-(2''-O-acetyl-3''-O-cinnamoyl-4''-O-p-methoxycinnamoyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl) catalpol) (2) along with known compounds: oleanonic acid (3), ursolonic acid (4), cinnamic acid (5), 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzoic acid (6), 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furfural (7) and beta-sitosterol (8) were isolated. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectral data (1, 2D NMR, EI, HRESI-MS and MS/MS). Oleanonic acid (3) and ursolonic acid (4) were found to be cytotoxic against a series of human cancer cell lines with IC50=4.6, 15.5 microM on MCF7; 4.2, 14.5 microM on K562; 14.8, 44.4 microM on Bowes; 24.9, 43.6 microM on T24S; 61.3, 151.5 microM on A549, respectively. Beta-sitosterol (8) inhibited Bowes cells growth at IC50=36.5 microM. Scrophuloside B4 (2) showed activity on K562 and Bowes cells at IC50=44.6, 90.2 microM, respectively. 10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.03.023