Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Version 3.2022, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) provide recommended management for patients with NSCLC, including diagnosis, primary treatment, surveillance for relapse, and subsequent treatment. Patients with metastatic lung cancer who are eligible for targeted therapies or immunotherapies are now surviving longer. This selection from the NCCN Guidelines for NSCLC focuses on targeted therapies for patients with metastatic NSCLC and actionable mutations. 10.6004/jnccn.2022.0025

Immunotherapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: a Review. Portuguese journal of cardiac thoracic and vascular surgery Immunotherapy has revolutionized the field of oncology by utilizing the body's immune system to target and eliminate cancer cells. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), immunotherapeutic agents such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown promising results. ICIs target receptors like PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 to enhance the immune response against tumors. However, resistance mechanisms to immunotherapy are not fully understood, and ongoing research aims to overcome these challenges. In the early-stage setting, neoadjuvant and adjuvant trials are investigating the efficacy of ICIs in combination with chemotherapy, with interesting results. Additionally, in the metastatic landscape of NSCLC the therapeutic options multiplied in recent years. The use of immunotherapy in NSCLC holds great promise, and future studies may provide more effective therapies and biomarkers for personalized treatment approaches. 10.48729/pjctvs.371

Immunotherapy in the context of immune-specialized environment of brain metastases. Discovery immunology Brain metastases (BrM) develop in 20-40% of patients with advanced cancer. They mainly originate from lung cancer, melanoma, breast cancer, and renal cell carcinoma, and are associated with a poor prognosis. While patients with BrM traditionally lack effective treatment options, immunotherapy is increasingly gaining in importance in this group of patients, with clinical trials in the past decade demonstrating the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint blockade in BrM originating from specific tumor types, foremost melanoma. The brain is an immune-specialized environment with several unique molecular, cellular, and anatomical features that affect immune responses, including those against tumors. In this review we discuss the potential role that some of these unique characteristics may play in the efficacy of immunotherapy, mainly focusing on the lymphatic drainage in the brain and the role of systemic anti-tumor immunity that develops due to the presence of concurrent extracranial disease in addition to BrM. 10.1093/discim/kyad023